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John Gallda MacDougall (died 1371×1377),〔Addyman; Oram (2012); Boardman, S (2006).〕 also known as John MacDougall,〔Boardman, S (2012); Sellar (2004).〕 and John Macdougall,〔Penman (2005).〕 and in Gaelic as Eoin MacDubhghaill,〔Boardman, S (2007).〕 Eoin Gallda MacDubhghaill,〔MacDonald (2013).〕 Eòin Gallda MacDubhghaill,〔Bateman; McLeod (2007).〕 and Eóin Gallda Mac Dubhghaill,〔Coira (2008).〕 was fourteenth-century Scottish magnate. He was a grandson of John MacDougall, Lord of Argyll, a man who had been forced from Scotland into exile the first third of the century. It was under John Gallda that the MacDougall leadership made its resurgence in Scotland after generations of English exile. By the mid century, John Gallda was married to Johanna Isaac, a niece of David II, King of Scotland, and restored to a portion of the MacDougalls' originally holdings in Argyll. The favours bestowed upon the MacDougalls by the Scottish Crown appear to have been a tactic to keep in check nearby magnates, such as John MacDonald, Lord of the Isles, a man who headed the MacDougalls' regional rivals, the MacDonalds. Although John Galla enjoyed close ties to the Bruce regime, with the subsequent accession of Robert II, King of Scotland, and the start of the Stewart regime, the MacDougalls quickly fell from favour. John Gallda was the last MacDougall to hold the lordship of Lorne. He and Johanna had two legitimate daughters through which the lordship passed, whilst the leadership of MacDougalls passed to an illegitimate son. ==Familial background== John Gallda was a son of Allan MacDougall of Argyll (fl. 1319), who was in turn a son of John MacDougall, Lord of Argyll (died 1316).〔Boardman, S (2006) p. 65; Sellar (2003); Boardman, S (2000) p. 221 tab. iv; Sellar (2000) pp. 194 tab. ii, 209 tab. iii.〕 The epithet ''gallda'' can be taken to mean "the foreigner",〔Penman (2014) p. 80; MacDonald (2013) p. 48; Boardman, S (2006) p. 65; Sellar (2003); Sellar (2000) p. 217.〕 "Anglicised", or "Lowlandised".〔Bateman; McLeod (2007) p. xxiii.〕 ''Gallda'' was not an unheard of epithet, and was apparently accorded to people who were fluent in the Scots or English languages,〔Bateman; McLeod (2007) p. xxiii.〕 or to people who had spent time in either England,〔Bateman; McLeod (2007) p. xxiii.〕 or non-Gaelic speaking areas of Scotland,〔Coira (2008) p. 141.〕 John Gallda's aforesaid grandfather, John MacDougall, had been closely connected with the Comyns, and therefore had been a constant opponent of Robert I, King of Scotland, and an ally of the latter's English counterparts, Edward I, King of England and Edward II, King of Scotland. Following his defeat to Robert I at the Battle of the Pass of Brander, John MacDougall fled to England where he spent the remainder of his life in the service of the English Crown. He left at least two sons and two daughters.〔Sellar (2004).〕 Both of his sons, Ewen and the aforesaid Allan MacDougall of Argyll, were members of Edward II's royal household.〔Boardman, S (2006) p. 65; Sellar (2004); Sellar (2000) pp. 194 tab. ii, 209 tab. iii, 213, 217, 217 n. 152; Macphail (1916) p. 148, 148 n. 1; Bain (1888) pp. 488–489 § 5; Bain (1887) pp. lxiv–lxv, 122 § 647, 130 § 684, 132 § 699, 132–133 § 701; Bain (1884) pp. 490–491 § 1830; Simpson; Galbraith (n.d.) pp. 197–198 § 471, 198–205 § 472, 231 § 562.〕 After his death in 1329, Robert I was succeeded by his young son, David II, King of Scotland (died 1371). The kingdom soon came under the attack of Edward Balliol (died 1364), an English-backed claimant to the throne,〔Boardman, SI (2006); Webster (2004).〕 and the young David II was forced to flee to France for safety. In time, English-backed Balliol regime diminished to the extent that the teenage David II was able to return to his realm in 1341.〔Webster (2004); Boardman, S (2001a).〕 Five years later, however, David II was captured by the English in a disastrous military campaign, and held in custody before his eventual ransom in 1357.〔Boardman, SI (2006); Boardman, S (2001a).〕 John Gallda himself was brought up in England, due to the exile of his father and grandfather, and it is likely David II's own captivity there that brought about their eventual association.〔Boardman, S (2000) p. 232 n. 64.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John Gallda MacDougall」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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